Guide to Canadian Work Permits

This guide explains how Canadian work permits function in 2026, including eligibility requirements, employer obligations, permanent residence transitions, and special categories.

A Canadian work permit allows foreign nationals to work legally in Canada under conditions set by immigration authorities.

Most foreign nationals require a work permit unless exempt under specific regulations.

Understanding the Canadian Work Permit

A Canadian work permit allows foreign nationals to work legally in Canada. Work permits may be:

• Employer-specific (closed work permit)
• Open work permits
• LMIA-based
• LMIA-exempt

Each type comes with specific conditions such as employer, location, and duration.

Key Eligibility Criteria

To qualify for a Canadian work permit, you generally must:

• Intend to leave Canada when your work permit expires.
• Have enough financial resources to support yourself and dependents.
• Comply with Canadian laws and maintain a clean criminal record, which may necessitate the submission of a police clearance certificate upon request.
• Maintain good health and undergo a medical examination if deemed necessary.
• Avoid working for ineligible employers or in certain adult industries.
• Provide any additional documents requested by the immigration authorities.

Applicants under the Global Skills Strategy are only eligible for the 2-week application processing period if they apply from outside of Canada.

A Step-by-Step Work Permit Application Process

Stage 1: Employer Submits Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) Application (If Required)

Employer applies to Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) to show that no Canadian worker is available.

Stage 2: Employer Extends a Temporary Job Offer

After the LMIA is approved, the employer sends the foreign worker a formal job offer. This offer explains the terms and conditions of employment, includingjob responsibilities, duration, salary, and any other relevant details. It is an essential requirement for the work permit application.

Stage 3: Foreign Worker Submits Work Permit Application

At this stage, the foreign worker applies for a work permit. This application should be made to Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC). The application includes the job offer, LMIA confirmation, and other supporting documents. The foreign worker must meet all eligibility criteria and provide accurate information to facilitate a successful application.

Stage 4: Work Permit Issuance

Once the work permit is approved, it is issued to the foreign worker. This permit allows them to legally work in Canada and outlines the conditions of their employment. The worker can then travel to Canada and start their job.

Open Work Permits for Permanent Resident Applicants

Permanent residence (PR) applicants may qualify for a Bridging Open Work Permit (BOWP), which lets them continue working in Canada while waiting for a PR decision.

Eligible PR programs include:

• Federal Skilled Worker Program
• Canadian Experience Class - The most frequent source of BOWP application
• Federal Skilled Trades Program
• Provincial Nominee Program - Note: You must have no employment restrictions listed on your nomination.
• Caring for People with High Medical Needs Class
• Agri-Food Pilot (AFP) - Now a permanent fixture in the 2026 levels plan. 
• Quebec Skilled Workers (PSTQ) - The "PEQ" program ended in late 2025; it is now the Skilled Worker Selection Program (PSTQ).

Additionally, you must meet the following criteria:

• You are currently within Canada.
• You possess a valid work permit with an expiration date within four months.
• You select "Open Work Permit" as the work permit type when completing your application.
• You have paid the required work permit processing fee and the Open Work Permit Holder fee.

Business and Corporate Work Visas

If your company needs to send employees to Canada temporarily, the Intra-Company Transfer (ICT) visa is a viable option. 

• Does not require an LMIA, making it faster and simpler than regular employer-specific permits.
• Applies to employees transferring within the same company, usually to a Canadian branch, subsidiary, or affiliate.
• Allows employees to work legally in Canada under specified conditions.

Employers considering ICT visas should review eligibility criteria carefully and may schedule a consultation to discuss options and application requirements.

Mandatory Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) for Visa-Exempt Travellers

Visa-exempt foreign nationals intending to fly to or transit through Canada are required to obtain an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA). 

Notable exceptions include:

•  U.S. citizens 
• Individuals holding a valid Canadian visa. 
• Canadian citizens, including dual citizens, and Canadian permanent residents are not eligible to apply for an eTA.

Canadian Work Visas for Skilled American Workers (NAFTA/USMCA)

U.S. and Mexican citizens seeking to work in Canada can benefit from the NAFTA/USMCA streamlined work permit process, which allows faster approval for eligible skilled workers.

Requirements:

• Job offer from a Canadian company in an eligible occupation under the NAFTA/USMCA agreement
• Proof of qualifications, including work experience and education
• U.S. or Mexican citizenship

This program helps skilled workers move to Canada quickly to take advantage of employment opportunities in a strong and growing economy.

Family Sponsorship and Inclusion in Canadian Immigration

Canada allows families to stay together during immigration. If you apply for a work permit, you can usually include:

• Your spouse or partner
• Your dependent children

Your spouse may get an open work permit, and your children can study in Canada.

Parents and grandparents cannot be included in a work permit application. They must be sponsored separately by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident.

If you apply for permanent residence through programs like Express Entry, you can include your eligible family members. If approved, they can live, work, and study in Canada.

Working in Canada with a Student Visa

• Students can work up to 24 hours per week during classes.
• Unlimited hours allowed during scheduled academic breaks if enrolled full-time the following semester.
• Students in ESL/FSL or general interest programs are not allowed to work off-campus.

Employment While Visiting Canada

If you visit Canada as a tourist, you cannot work while on a visitor visa. There are two types of visitor visas:

• Single Entry: Allows one entry into Canada.
• Multiple Entry (10-year visa): Allows multiple entries over 10 years.

Even with a multiple entry visa, you are not allowed to earn money in Canada.

FAQS

What is the Global Skills Strategy for work permits?

Foreign workers applying under the Global Skills Strategy may get faster processing (as little as 2 weeks) if they apply from outside Canada.

What are the different types of work permits available in Canada?

Canada offers various types of work permits, including employer-specific work permits, open work permits, post-graduation work permits, and more. The specific type you need depends on your situation and eligibility.

Can employees transfer within a company without LMIA?

Yes. Intra-Company Transfer (ICT) visas let employees move to a Canadian branch, subsidiary, or affiliate without requiring an LMIA.

Can I change my job or employer while on a work permit in Canada?

Yes, You can switch employers, but usually need a new work permit; the process depends on your situation.

Is it possible to extend or renew a Canadian work permit?

Yes, Many permits can be renewed if you meet eligibility and apply before expiry; requirements vary by permit type.

Are there any restrictions on work permits in Canada?

You may be limited by job type, location, or employer—follow the conditions on your permit.

Content Disclaimer: Although this information was last updated in February 2026, we recommend verifying with the appropriate agencies, embassies, and airlines to ensure complete accuracy regarding your travel plans.